- βMiddle-income countries achieved the best average HbA1c levels (7.50%), showing that outcomes aren't solely dependent on wealth
- βThe large dataset of 54,285 patients across 130 centers worldwide provides strong, globally representative evidence
- βFindings highlight the need for fairer distribution of diabetes technology and resources to improve outcomes for all children
| Journal | Diabetes research and clinical practice |
| Year | 2026 |
| PMID | 41443303 |
What This Study Found
Researchers analyzed data from over 54,000 children and young adults (under 25) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) across 130 centers worldwide. They wanted to understand how a country's wealth β measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) β affects diabetes care and health outcomes.
Key Findings
Wealthier countries had much higher rates of diabetes technology use. For example, continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use ranged from 36% in lower-income countries to nearly 92% in the wealthiest. Insulin pump use ranged from 17% to 70%.
However, better technology didn't always mean better blood sugar control. The best average HbA1c (a measure of long-term blood sugar) was seen in middle-income countries at 7.50%, while the lowest-income countries averaged 8.74% and the highest-income countries averaged 8.18%.
Complications Also Varied
Severe low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) events were highest in lower-income countries (9.6 events per 100 patient-years) and lowest in higher-income countries (1.3 events). Dangerous diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were actually highest in the wealthiest countries (3.10 per 100 patient-years).
Why This Matters for Patients
This research highlights that simply having access to advanced diabetes technology does not guarantee the best health outcomes. Factors like education, support systems, and healthcare quality all play important roles. The findings call for more equitable sharing of diabetes resources globally so that all children have a fair chance at good health.